Effect of propolis supplementation on haematological and biochemical parameters in lambs

This study evaluated the effects of oral propolis supplementation on haematological and metabolic indicators and coagulation parameters in neonatal lambs. Forty healthy newborn lambs were randomly assigned to either a control group or a treatment group receiving 1.5 mL of propolis extract daily for 15 days. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 7, 21, and 45 to assess for changes over time. The results showed that propolis did not cause any harmful effects on liver or kidney function, and all blood parameters remained within normal physiological ranges. Although most changes in biochemical markers were time-related, lambs supplemented with propolis showed slight improvements in lipid metabolism, including numerically lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels at specific time points. Moreover, lambs in the propolis group tended to gain more weight over time, suggesting possible benefits for early growth. Minor differences were observed in some clotting parameters, but no adverse effects on blood coagulation were detected. These preliminary findings suggest that propolis may be considered a complementary strategy in lamb production, although further studies are needed to confirm its long-term benefits. Propolis-use may help facilitate a reduction in the use of synthetic additives in small ruminant production systems. (Submitted 21 July 2025; Accepted 12 September 2025; Published 30 September 2025)