Trends in the incidence of breast malignancies among Udmurt women

Malignant neoplasms (ZN) remain an urgent, socially significant problem of modern society. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the rapid growth of oncological diseases worldwide. The object of the study was the female population aged 18 and over. The purpose of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation in the Udmurt Republic (UR) for malignant breast tumors. The materials were processed by the authors using the example of UR. We conducted a comparative analysis of the data for the period 2019–2023. according to the oncological morbidity, prevalence and mortality of women from breast cancer in 25 administrative- territorial districts of the UR. The object of the study was the accounting and reporting form No. 7 («Information on malignant neoplasms»). Epidemiological indicators were used: cancer incidence (primary), prevalence (morbidity or general morbidity), mortality. The data of the official reporting forms are provided by the Republican Medical Information and Analytical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The results are recalculated per 100,000 female population per year. The observation period is 2019–2023. The rate of oncological morbidity of women with breast cancer averaged 97.0 per 100 thousand of the population during the study period. In Mozhginsky, Votkinsky and Kambarsky districts, cancer incidence rates significantly exceed the national average. The average UR value of the overall incidence (prevalence) of breast cancer among the female population during the study period is 1000.1 0/0000. In a number of districts of the republic (Mozhginsky district, Syumsinsky district, Kambarsky district), there is an increased prevalence rate. The mortality rate for the studied 5‑year follow-up period was 21.5 per 100,000 population. When analyzing the data, administrative -territorial areas were identified in which the mortality rate is higher than the average level in the territory of the URALS: Mozhginsky district, Yarsky district, Kezsky district. To prevent an increase in the incidence of malignant breast tumors, it is necessary to carry out pre-nosological diagnostics and active primary oncohygienic prophylaxis among the female population.