SAOMDV: A Fast Converging Reliability-Enhanced Multipath Routing Method for UANET

Multipath routing with its complementary heterogeneous characteristics and data backup transmission mechanism, can provide high-reliable transmission services for Unmanned aerial vehicle Ad hoc Network (UANET) in low-altitude economies. However, the application of multipath routing in UANET is currently hindered by multipath coupling, which undermines transmission reliability. To address this problem, the reliability of multipath transmission is set as the optimization objective, aiming to improve the reliability of a single path while simultaneously reducing the coupling between paths. To solve the objective, a fast-converging, reliability-enhancing multipath routing method named as SAOMDV is proposed. The method is based on the heuristic algorithm (MPGA, Multipath Genetic Algorithm), iteratively adjusting the relay node allocation strategy to identify path construction solutions with high reliability performance. Meanwhile, Viterbi algorithm is introduced to predict the optimal direction for the MPGA iteration, thereby enhancing the convergence speed of the method. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an average data transmission reliability of over 99.45 %, with a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$35 \%-54 \%$</tex> improvement in convergence performance compared to GA-AOMDV, MPGA-AOMDV, and Color-Tree methods.