Multipath Transmission System Using Multi-Layer Bandwidth Prediction for Autonomous Driving

Autonomous driving technologies have attracted much attention to realize smart mobility societies. Autonomous driving strictly requires uninterrupted mobile communications for remote monitoring in order to ensure safe operation. This requirement is hard to achieve with particular technology such as multipath transmission. In this paper, we propose proactive and reactive multipath transmission mechanisms with multilayer bandwidth prediction to find degradation of communication quality and avoid it completely. We implemented the proposed mechanisms into the Cooperative Infrastructure Platform and conducted a field evaluation by driving a vehicle on public roads. Our evaluation results show that a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$74-100 \%$</tex> recall rate can be achieved in bandwidth prediction. The Cooperative Infrastructure Platform provides stable communication by accurately controlling multiple mobile networks on the basis of the bandwidth prediction, resulting in only total 3 seconds of video stall for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{1}$</tex> hour of driving.