Tailored and Tunable Microwave Wireless Power Transfer for Multiple Targets in an Electrically Large Cavity via Frequency Control

This study introduces a novel approach to microwave wireless power transfer (MWPT) that enables precise and customizable charging for multiple targets within an electrically large cavity (ELC). By adjusting frequency, the electromagnetic (EM) field distribution within the cavity is dynamically controlled, facilitating targeted power delivery to specific locations. Simulation results demonstrate that the EM field exhibits high sensitivity to frequency variations, leading to significant changes in field strength at various target positions. The capability to simultaneously adjust both frequency and input power enables adaptive and efficient wireless charging, precisely matching the energy requirements of targets. To validate the proposed method, an experiment setup comprising 160 light-emitting diode (LED) rectennas was arranged inside the ELC, enabling tailored MWPT for multiple targets. The experimental results closely align with simulations. As a proof of concept, LED rectennas arranged along a specific path were sequentially illuminated, validating the effectiveness of the frequency-control scheme in achieving customized multi-target MWPT.