Optimizing Compressed Air System Efficiency in Manufacturing: A Study on Air Leak Repairs and Economical Impact

Abstract Compressed air is considered the fourth utility after electricity, water, and natural gas to power industrial processes. Due to its versatility, it has been used in most of the manufacturing facilities, including automotive, food, fabrication, chemical and textile plants. In United States, compressed air itself accounts for 8.5% of total industrial energy consumption. One of the primary inefficiencies in industrial compressed air systems is leakage, which can result in significant energy wastage. Air leaks alone are estimated to account for 20-30% of a compressor’s output on average, creating considerable operational costs and increasing the environmental burden. This paper presents an analysis of detailed compressed air leak assessments performed at several manufacturing plants of different sizes and operational focuses. This study provides valuable insights into the distribution of leak locations, rates of leakage, and the costs associated with leak repair. Out of 740 identified leaks, more than 50% occurs at hoses, damaged threads, connectors and fittings, which are cost effective to fix with minimal labor. The cost analysis reveals that, on average, repairing each cfm of air leakage results in savings of $156, with a repair cost of $30 per cfm. Furthermore, this study evaluates the Industrial Training and Assessment Centers (ITAC) database, which includes 68 assessments of air leak repair recommendations conducted over the past five years. Normalized metrics, such as savings per cfm ($/cfm) and repair cost per cfm ($/cfm), are compared to the recommendations provided in the ITAC database to assess the economic feasibility of air leak repairs.