Obesity and self-perception in adolescents: investigating the psychological burden beyond metabolic risks

Objective: Adolescent obesity is a significant global health issue impacting both physical and psychological health, especially body image perception. This study investigates the correlation between obesity and body image perception in adolescents with a Body Mass Index (BMI) over the 95th percentile, emphasizing gender disparities and psychosocial consequences. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in pediatric clinics, which included 180 obese adolescents (95 females and 85 males). Anthropometric measurements, including weight, height, waist circumference, and neck circumference, were recorded. The Child Body Image Scale (CBIS) and the Child Body Satisfaction Scale (CBSS) are two standardized instruments that have been employed to evaluate body image. SPSS version 25.0 was employed to conduct statistical analyses. Results: Females experienced significantly more body dissatisfaction than their male counterparts (p < 0.05). Girls perceived themselves as overweight and aspired to a slimmer physique, resulting in a substantial discrepancy between their perceived and ideal body images. Males exhibited a comparatively higher level of physical satisfaction. A significant negative correlation exists between age and body satisfaction (r = -0.40, p < 0.01); dissatisfaction is more prevalent among females as they age. Discussion: These results underscore the necessity for prompt psychological therapies to address body dissatisfaction in obese teenagers. Negative body image is associated with depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. Gender disparities indicate the necessity for customized therapies, particularly for girls who are more susceptible to adverse self-image. Conclusion: This study highlights the strong relationship between childhood obesity and negative body image. The findings show that children with obesity are more likely to feel dissatisfied with their body appearance, which may negatively affect their emotional well-being and self-esteem. The use of validated measurement tools strengthens the reliability of the results. Early identification of body image concerns can improve both mental and physical health outcomes in this vulnerable population.