Integrating disaster risk management into occupational health services: a framework for technological hazard resilience in high-risk industries

This paper proposes a novel conceptual framework that integrates Disaster Risk Management (DRM) into Occupational Health Services (OHS) to improve resilience against technological hazards in high-risk industrial sectors. Even though OHS is meant to safeguard the workplace, it lacks systematic management for disaster risks such as chemical spills, industrial fires and toxic releases. To address this gap, the proposed framework synthesizes two internationally recognized models: the WHO's Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) strategy and the Basic Occupational Health Services (BOHS) model. The integration is structured across three interconnected pillars: (1) Risk Governance and Policy Alignment, (2) Proactive Risk Assessment and Preparedness, and (3) Emergency Response and Resilience-Building. This approach extends the scope of OHS from traditional hazard control and compliance to proactive disaster resilience, offering a new theoretical and practical model tailored for vulnerable and complex industrial environments. In doing so, the framework supports Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by enhancing worker protection, business continuity and community-level sustainability. It also lays the foundation for future empirical research and offers actionable guidance for industry leaders and policymakers.