Review on the Application of BIM Technology in Smart Operation and Maintenance Management of Hospitals

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) and big data technologies, the core value of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology in the smart operation and maintenance (OM) management of hospitals has become increasingly prominent. This paper systematically reviews the global development trends of BIM technology and its current application status and challenges in hospital OM management. Domestic research primarily focuses on the design and construction stages, significantly enhancing the level of integrated and refined project management through functions such as 3D modeling, clash detection, and progress simulation. However, the operation and maintenance stage still faces challenges such as information silos, lagging resource sharing, high energy consumption, and insufficient standardization. In contrast, international research places greater emphasis on the deep integration of BIM with Facility Management (FM), actively exploring its synergistic application with cutting-edge technologies like IoT and artificial intelligence. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including insufficient integration of non-geometric information, poor system interoperability, and high implementation costs. In the future, BIM technology needs to further strengthen standardization and intelligent application, promote cross-domain integration with technologies such as digital twins and artificial intelligence, and build a management system covering the entire project lifecycle to achieve data connectivity, process optimization, and energy consumption reduction. This will provide systematic solutions for smart hospital operation and maintenance, supporting the sustainable development and digital transformation of medical buildings.