A dataset of dry and wet deposition of nitrogen and phosphorus at the Dali Agro-Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station of Yunnan (2021 –2023)

<p indent="0mm">Dry and wet deposition of nitrogen and phosphorus refers to the process by which nitrogen and phosphorus in the atmosphere deposited onto the land surface, thereby entering the material cycles of terrestrial ecosystems. Dry and wet deposition plays a significant role in the input of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the environment. As China is a major agricultural and livestock-producing country, it is of great significance for us to understand the nitrogen and phosphorus dry and wet deposition load originating from farming and livestock activities. This information can help evaluate the ecological effects of nitrogen and phosphorus deposition, guide environmental pollution control, and promote sustainable development in the farming and livestock industry. This dataset provides nitrogen and phosphorus dry and wet deposition data from 2021 to 2023 at observation points at the Dali Agro-Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station in Xizhou Town, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. This area is a typical agricultural and livestock production zone within the watershed, with a livestock population of 60 heads and a total area of 200 mu (≈13.3 hectares) of farmland, featuring dominant cropping systems such a rice-oilseed and rice-bean rotations. The dataset provides information on total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen dry deposition, and wet deposition flux at both the farmland and livestock environment observation points. The entire process encompassing specimen acquisition, laboratory analysis, quality control protocols, and data audit was rigorously executed in adherence to established industry standards and technical specifications, thereby ensuring the resultant dataset exhibits high-fidelity accuracy, verifiable reliability, and scientific validity. The aim of this dataset is to study the impact of farming and livestock activities on environmental nitrogen and phosphorus dry and wet deposition and to provide data for calculating the nitrogen and phosphorus deposition load in the farming and livestock industry. Additionally, this dataset can provide data support for lake pollution control efforts in the low-latitude highland regions.