Overview of the application of environmental perception technology for autonomous driving: sensors, fusion and challenges

In today's rapidly developing field of science and technology, autonomous driving technologya pivotal development direction in the intelligent transportation sectoris profoundly transforming traditional travel modes. As the "eye" of autonomous driving, environmental perception provides a basis for its decision-making and is a part of the autonomous driving process that cannot be ignored. Breakthroughs and developments in the field of sensors have also driven the progress of environmental perception technology. This paper will start from the definition and principle of autonomous driving environmental perception technology, study the advantages and disadvantages of sensors such as cameras and millimeter-wave radar, and point out that environmental perception technology is vulnerable to complex environments and extreme weather, and the perception system is vulnerable to network attacks. In the future, the development of environmental perception technology should focus on mitigating the impact of environment and weather, and enhance the ability of the perception system to resist cyber attacks.