INSIGHTS INTO THE IMPACTS OF COVID-19 AND CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION (GI) PRODUCTS: SUSTAINABILITY CHALLENGES IN THAILAND

Geographical Indications (GIs) are increasingly crucial in global markets as they signify quality, authenticity, and regional identity, bolstering local economies and aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study examined the concurrent impact of COVID-19 and climate variability from 2020 to 2022 on 75% of GI certified products (118 of 158 products) across Thailand, using a mixed-methods approach (e.g., surveys and interviews). The impacts and coping responses to these challenges were summarised while also providing insights into the future of GI handling from the local producers. This includes increasing GI awareness, improving production practices, adding value, diversifying income sources, and prioritising environmental conservation. These plans were reviewed for their potential to jeopardise GI certification status or deviate from the GI sustainability framework. The sustainability of many GI products in Thailand appeared to be at significant risk. Notably, by examining both immediate challenges and long-term sustainability, the research could offer valuable insights for policy recommendations and practical solutions that support the preservation of traditional products and the sustainable development of Thai agriculture. Accordingly, the findings can have broader relevance to countries with similar agricultural dependencies, particularly in Southeast Asia or regions, where GI products are essential to the economy and cultural identity.