Association between perceived family expressed emotion and quality of life in depression and the role of self-stigma: a cross-sectional study

Perceived family EE is negatively associated with QoL, and self-stigma mediates this association. Thus, addressing both family EE and self-stigma is important in the treatment of depression. Clinicians should consider incorporating family psychoeducation that involves knowledge about depression, problem-solving skills, and coping skills.