Government support for entrepreneurship in economic recovery

The paper examines the priority areas of state support for entrepreneurship in Ukraine, which have gained particular importance in the context of full-scale war and the need for post-war recovery. It analyzes the key instruments and programs for stimulating small and medium-sized businesses implemented by the state, including financial grants, preferential lending (specifically, the "Affordable Loans 5–7–9%" program), tax incentives, and consulting assistance. Particular attention is paid to the results of the "Affordable Loans 5–7–9%" program's operation, its impact on attracting credit resources, sectoral and regional distribution. It also identifies positive outcomes and existing shortcomings (difficulty of access, bureaucratic obstacles). The system of grant support within the "eRobota" initiative and the "Vlasna Sprava" program is reviewed, demonstrating their effectiveness in creating new jobs and increasing tax revenues. The role of digitalization of services (through the "Diia" portal) in simplifying business interaction with the state is highlighted. Separately, tax reliefs during wartime are covered as a tool for compensating losses and stimulating economic activity, along with international technical assistance programs. Based on academic research, particularly by the Institute of Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the National Institute for Strategic Studies, the uneven development of entrepreneurship across regions and the significant impact of the shadow economy on the economic system are confirmed. The conclusion is drawn that there has been noticeable progress in state policy for supporting entrepreneurship, but the need for further improvement is emphasized. This includes strengthening transparency, expanding access to information, implementing innovative financial instruments, developing non-financial forms of support, and strengthening the institutional capacity of state bodies.