Three’s company? Examining the association between dog ownership and intimacy, jealousy, and satisfaction in romantic couples

Abstract Background : Dogs in North American households are increasingly seen as integral parts of the family. Yet, limited research has been conducted exploring how dog ownership affects romantic relationships. To explore these dynamics, we examined the association of dogs with romantic relationship elements using work-family conflict, resource allocation, attachment, and family systems theories. Methods : An online cross-sectional survey was conducted with 354 adults (18+) living in the United States or Canada who currently live with a partner/spouse and have owned a dog for at least 6 months. Participants were recruited through Prolific in May 2025. The survey assessed time allocation, jealousy dynamics, intimacy, sleep impact, task division, and agreement on dog- and veterinary-related decisions. Relationship satisfaction was measured using the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). Multiple linear regressions examined predictors of dog-related associations with relationship outcomes. Results : While 69% of participants associated dog ownership with positive relationship impacts, significant challenges were also noted. Approximately 30–35% of participants reported dog care frequently diverted time from their partner. A substantial minority experienced jealousy over partner-pet cuddling (25%) and intrusion during shared activities (22%). Dogs negatively impacted sleep for 29% and sexual intercourse for 23% of participants. Women reported disproportionately handling dog care tasks. Regression analyses revealed that greater time spent on dog tasks, higher jealousy levels, and lower agreement on dog-related decisions were significantly associated with lower relationship satisfaction. Conclusions : Dogs introduce complex dynamics into romantic partnerships that parallel, yet differ from, challenges associated with human children. While predominantly positive, successful dog integration requires proactive communication, realistic expectations, and equitable task distribution. These findings highlight the potential value of pre-adoption counseling and clinical interventions for addressing pet-related relationship dynamics. Results should be interpreted with caution, however, given the study’s reliance on a convenience sample, the use of unvalidated assessment instruments, and subjective reporting from only one partner.