FEATURES OF PURINE METABOLISM DUE TO OXIDATIVE STRESS CAUSED BY THYROID DYSFUNCTION

In the modern world, it is widely recognized that oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant protection, is considered as a key factor in the pathophysiology of various diseases and is the object of active study. Cell damage occurs due to oxidative stress, which leads to the formation of specific products of interaction with DNA, lipids and proteins with the participation of hydroxyl radicals. The antioxidant defense of the body includes both enzymatic and non-enzymatic molecules regulated by hormones that control their synthesis and turnover. Studies show that both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can be associated with oxidative stress, which can contribute to the development of pathology in various organs, as well as in the thyroid gland itself. However, there is insufficient data on potential changes at the level of biological chemistry, for example, a violation of purine metabolism; in this review, we consider the regulation of antioxidants by thyroid hormones and oxidative stress in normal and impaired thyroid function. This hormonal imbalance is a compensatory mechanism that requires further study of the possibility of substitution therapy. Thus, the assessment of the parameters of oxidative stress can make a significant contribution to understanding its role in pathophysiology.