Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) Due to Systemic Application of Probiotics in Healing Wistar Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) with Traumatic Ulcers

Background: Oral traumatic ulcers are defined as an impairment to the mucous membranes accompanied by loss of surface and disintegration of epithelial tissue, which is damaged due to trauma. The treatment of traumatic ulcers varies and covers the administration of antiseptics, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, antihistamines, and corticosteroids. However, the long-term use of certain drugs may cause resistance and disagreeable side effects. This condition led to the increasing need for alternative treatments, such as the use of probiotics, whose potential effect as a wound-healing agent has been proven. Objective: This review aims to evaluate the effect of probiotics on oral ulcers in animal studies. Furthermore, it demonstrates the results of in vivo studies focusing on the expression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) due to systemic application of probiotics in healing Wistar rats (Rattus Norvegicus) with traumatic ulcers. Materials and methods: Data collected from a secondary data search. Articles were selected and reviewed narratively according to predetermined criteria. Results: Based on selected studies can be implied that the expression of FGF plays a significant role when Lactobacillus and other probiotics components are administered to the animal models because it provides and restores collagen in the new extracellular matrix in response to tissue damage. Conclusion: Overall, systemic application of probiotics can promote the healing process of traumatic ulcers in Wistar rats (Rattus Norvegicus). FGF, as one of the essential modulators for wound healing, plays a significant role by increasing the formation of fibroblasts, the amount of collagen levels, and accelerating fibrosis; thus, the expression of FGF is completely increased in ulcers healing process.