Productivity and Soil Health Evaluation of Cropping Systems with Hey Won NPK Fertilizers: A Predictive Modeling and Performance Analysis Approach Through Python

Background: With the intensification of agriculture, optimizing fertilizer use is critical for enhancing crop yields while maintaining soil health. This study evaluates the impact of three NPK fertilizer grades-Hey Won NPK 14-14-14, 14-5-21 and 20-8-12-on the productivity of maize-based cropping systems and their influence on soil properties. Methods: A two-year field experiment (2022-2024) was conducted at the research farm of the Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana, India, using a split-plot design. Four maize-based cropping systems were assigned to the main plots and five fertilizer treatments to the sub-plots. Key parameters such as grain yield, plant nutrient levels (N, P, K) and soil nutrient status (pre- and post-fertilization) were assessed. Result: Preliminary results demonstrated significant differences in crop yields, system productivity and equivalent yields due to varying fertilizer treatments. The findings highlight the benefits of targeted NPK applications in boosting crop performance and improving soil nutrient profiles, supporting sustainable agriculture. Additionally, predictive modeling and performance analysis using Python identified key nutrient-yield relationships and the pivotal role of specific crops in enhancing nutrient-use efficiency. The study underscores the value of data-driven strategies for optimizing fertilizer management, offering actionable insights for farmers, agronomists and policymakers to improve productivity while preserving soil health across diverse cropping systems.