Категория «национальное достояние» и ее соотношение с публичной собственностью

The article examines the legal nature of the category "national heritage" and its correlation with public and state property. It is noted that, despite the absence of this concept in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, it is actively applied in legislation and law enforcement practice. The author emphasizes that national heritage differs from state property in its essence, as it is inalienable, belongs to the entire society, and not to any individual. Various scientific positions are presented, according to which national heritage may include the natural resource complex, while state property encompasses state-owned assets, enterprises, and other objects. Particular attention is paid to the risks of reducing national heritage solely to state property, which historically led to the alienation of resources from society. In conclusion, the importance of further study of this category is highlighted in order to develop an effective model of public governance. Keywords: national heritage, public property, state property, natural resources, public wealth, constitutional law, legal nature, people’s ownership, legal regulation, public governance