Impacto de la violencia intrafamiliar en el desempeño escolar de estudiantes de 5.º a 7.º EGB: análisis en contextos rurales y urbanos

This study analyzes the impact of domestic violence on the academic performance of 5th to 7th grade students in Jipijapa canton, Manabí province, Ecuador. A quantitative, correlational and comparative approach was employed using secondary data from the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC, 2022) and records from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Education, as well as surveys applied to students and their families. The results show that 44.5% of the surveyed households reported some form of domestic violence, with a higher incidence in rural areas (49.5%) than in urban areas (40.1%). Significant correlations were found between psychological and physical violence with low academic performance, absenteeism, and behavioral problems. The logistic regression model demonstrated that psychological and physical violence are significant predictors of poor school performance. The study concludes that domestic violence is a determinant of school performance and that its impact is more pronounced in rural settings. It highlights the need to implement territory-sensitive educational policies with intersectoral interventions and early detection mechanisms. This research provides contextualized evidence for the design of comprehensive strategies to guarantee the right to quality education.