Investigating the Relationship between Sensory Processing Sensitivity and Social Anxiety Tendencies among Adults

Background: Sensory Processing Sensitivity is a biologically rooted temperament dimension characterized by deep cognitive processing, strong emotionality, and increased sensitivity to subtle environmental stimuli. Sensory Processing Sensitivity has been associated with anxiety and internalizing symptoms, but the relationship between Sensory Processing Sensitivity and Social Anxiety Tendencies has not been studied extensively, especially among non-western populations. In collectivist cultures such as Pakistan, people with high Sensory Processing Sensitivity may be more susceptible to discomfort with social interactions because of societal pressures and fears of evaluate engagement. Objective: The present research sought to examine the relationship between Sensory Processing Sensitivity and Social Anxiety Tendencies within an adult population in Pakistan, using the Joint Vulnerability Model framework or lens. Based on this, we proposed that higher levels of SPS would significantly predict greater levels of Social Anxiety Tendencies. Methods: The research employed a correlational design in cross-sectional form, using a final sample of 300 adults (100 males, 200 females), between 18-40 years of age, who volunteered from a convenience sample. Participants completed the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS) and the Social Anxiety Questionnaire for Adults (SAQ-A30). Reliability of the instruments was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and linear regression were conducted using SPSS. Results: The findings indicated good internal consistency for SPS (α = .97) and SAT (α = .95). A moderate, positive correlation was identified between SPS and SAT (r = .240, p < .01). Regression analysis verified an important predictor of SAT, SPS (β = .23, p < .001), and accounted for 5.9% of variance (R² = .059). These results indicate that individuals with high sensory sensitivity are more likely to have increased symptoms of social anxiety. Conclusion: Sensory Processing Sensitivity significantly predicts Social Anxiety Tendencies. Clinicians should consider sensory traits in treatment, and future research should explore this link longitudinally.