An ode to beauty: the discovery of one of the most spectacular tetras (Characiformes: Acestrorhamphidae) - a new species of Inpaichthys from the rio Juruena, Brazil

Abstract Inpaichthys luizae is described from tributaries of the rio dos Peixes basin, a tributary of the rio Juruena basin in central Brazil. The species is distinguished from all its congeners by the presence of well-defined, relatively broad oblique dark ventrolateral stripe on body, extending approximately from end of pectoral fin rays to base of middle caudal-fin rays, and continuing straight onto the tip of the middle caudal-fin rays. It shares seven of the eight synapomorphies attributed to the genus and exhibits all the defining characteristics of the clade I. kerri + I. parauapiranga, suggesting a close relationship with these species. Several morphological characters found in I. luizae, other species of Inpaichthys, and closely related groups are discussed. The biogeography of Inpaichthys is briefly addressed.