Risk Assessment of Urban Road Collapse Based on Coupling GIS and AHP-VFS Theory

In order to systematically and accurately carry out urban road collapse risk assessment, this study introduces a spatial risk assessment approach for urban road collapse, leveraging the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process-Variable Fuzzy Set (AHP-VFS) theory. The method introduces an innovative membership function specifically designed to address the fuzziness of risk scores by converting risk ratings into graded membership degrees, thus more reasonably reflecting the risk levels and trends. The study demonstrates that by selecting a road in Guangzhou, which has undergone underground disease body detection, as a case study, the proposed assessment method is effective in evaluating the risk of urban road collapse. This approach not only offers a novel perspective for the quantitative assessment of urban road collapse risk but also provides a rational framework for developing riskgraded prevention and control strategies.