3D SAR Reconstruction Technique under Horizontal Orthogonal Configurations

Three-dimensional (3D) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging has been universally recognized as a pivotal technology for terrain mapping and urban monitoring. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art tomographic SAR (TomoSAR) methodologies are constrained by prohibitive deployment expenditures and suboptimal data acquisition efficiency, primarily due to the requirement for dense baseline configurations (typically requiring at least five baselines). To address these inherent limitations, a novel framework integrating horizontal-orthogonal baseline configurations with an advanced geometric inversion algorithm is proposed in this paper. The elevation coordinates and three-dimensional morphology of targets are reconstructed through geometric correlations using merely horizontal-orthogonal baselines. Under numerical simulations, an $80 \%$ reduction in implementation costs compared to conventional TomoSAR systems is demonstrated, coupled with a 1.7-fold improvement in elevation resolution over conventional beamforming (CBF) methods, which validates the effectiveness of the geometric inversion framework. A resource-optimized operational paradigm for 3D SAR imaging under cost-constrained scenarios is systematically established for the first time through this work.