Veterinary Drug Residue Regulations in Major U.S. Export Markets

Trade agreements shape the global agricultural trade landscape, encompassing both tariff and non-tariff measures. Among the latter, sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures such as maximum residue limits (MRLs) are gaining attention. As trade tensions escalate, there is growing concern that countries could use SPS measures as a tool of retaliation in international agricultural markets, as they are often a focal point in trade negotiations (Disdier and Marette, 2010; Disdier and van Tongeren 2010; Grant et al., 2015).