Risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting after endovascular interventional therapy: a case–control study

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remain common complications following endovascular intervention. The unique risks for patients undergoing endovascular therapy under local or monitored anaesthesia care (MAC) remain poorly characterized. To investigate the risk factors for PONV after endovascular interventional therapy. A total of 319 patients were included in this case-control study. Initially, we compared the baseline clinical and endovascular intervention characteristics of 25 patients who experienced PONV with those of 294 control patients. A multivariate logistic regression model was subsequently employed. Sex, allergic history, intervention type, and operation duration differed significantly between two groups. According to the multivariate logistic regression model, sex (female) (OR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1.04-6.84; p = 0.042), a history of allergies (OR = 6.56; 95% CI: 2.32-18.56; p < 0.001), an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m² (OR = 5.89; 95% CI: 1.99-17.49; p = 0.001), embolization (OR = 3.29; 95% CI: 1.20-8.98; p = 0.020), and an iodine contrast agent concentration > 400 ml (OR = 18.54; 95% CI: 2.38-144.28; p = 0.005) were significant risk factors for PONV. Sex (female), a history of allergies, renal insufficiency, embolization and the use of high-dose iodine contrast agents were significant risk factors for PONV after endovascular interventional therapy.Trial registration: The trial was registered online on 11th November 2024 in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400092672).