Analysis of GNSS-based crustal movement patterns considering the influence of common-mode error

This study calculates observational data collected from 2,195 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations across the contiguous United States using the GAMIT/GLOBK 10.7 software, and introduces a multichannel singular spectrum analysis (MSSA) method to extract the common-mode error (CME). Through CME removal and analysis, the study assesses the impact on station velocity estimates and constructs a high-precision velocity field after CME removal to investigate crustal movement patterns. The results demonstrate that the removal of CME enhances the precision of station velocity estimates by 29% to 37% while reducing the uncertainty of residuals by 19% to 27%. These findings indicate that CME removal improves the accuracy of coordinate time series and station velocity estimates. Regarding crustal movements, most regions of the contiguous United States exhibit a westward movement. In contrast, the western coastal areas, situated on the Pacific Plate, display a northwestward movement. Additionally, due to post-glacial rebound, a subsidence trend is observed across much of the United States, whereas uplift is evident along the boundary between the North American and Pacific Plates as a result of tectonic compression.