Advancing the Assessment and Management of Chronic Non-Oncological Pain: Qualitative Research with Albanian Primary Healthcare Providers

This qualitative descriptive study explored the experiences, perceptions, and practices of primary healthcare providers—nurses and family doctors—in assessing and managing chronic non-oncological pain in Albania. Using purposive sampling, eight professionals (four nurses and four family doctors) from primary care centres in Vlore and Tirana participated in semi-structured interviews between January and February 2025. Data were analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s six-step approach. Nine key themes emerged: assessment strategies, pain history and analysis, communication, management approaches, non-pharmacological methods, collaboration, education, barriers, and solutions. Nurses relied largely on patient-reported symptoms and observational cues, while family doctors employed diagnostic tools and considered psychosocial factors. Both groups emphasized interdisciplinary collaboration, patient education, and individualized care planning. Challenges included limited resources, patient non-compliance, and systemic barriers. Despite their differing roles, both nurses and doctors underscored the need for validated assessment tools and a holistic, team-based model to enhance patient outcomes. These findings support the DJO KRON project's objectives, which aim to improve chronic non-oncological pain care through education, innovation, and primary healthcare system reform. The study highlights the importance of integrated care models, ongoing professional development, and the adoption of multidisciplinary strategies to better address the complex needs of patients living with chronic pain.