Enhancing outcomes in type 2 diabetes: the role of psychological interventions within multidisciplinary rehabilitation care

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of integrating psychological support with multidisciplinary rehabilitation nursing in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), self-management capacity. A prospective cohort study was conducted on 113 T2DM patients admitted to our hospital between May 2020 and February 2021. Participants were randomized into a control group (n = 49, standard care) and a study group (n = 64, psychological support + multidisciplinary rehabilitation). Outcomes were assessed using: Glycemic markers: Fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG). Functional and quality-of-life metrics: Physiological Function (PF), Role Physical (RP), Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Psychological scales: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, Hamilton Depression (HAMD) and Anxiety (HAMA) Scales. Behavioral outcomes: Self-management ability and self-efficacy scores. Baseline comparisons showed no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05) for all measured parameters. Post-intervention analysis revealed that the study group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in FBG, 2hPBG, PF, RP, ADL, VAS, self-management, self-efficacy, anxiety (HAMA), and depression (HAMD) scores compared to controls (all P < 0.05). Psychological support combined with multidisciplinary rehabilitation nursing significantly alleviates anxiety and depression in T2DM patients, while enhancing self-efficacy and self-management capacity. This integrative approach highlights its value as an adjunctive therapy for comprehensive diabetes care, encompassing mental health, glycemic control, functional status, and quality of life. Further research is warranted to explore its long-term metabolic and functional impacts.