Using Deep Learning to Identify the Most Influential Factors in Successful Hybridization. Kurdistan's Built Heritage as a Case Study

In the context of rapid modernization, architecture benefits from new opportunities for innovation. Hybridization offers a strategic solution by promoting the coexistence of technological advancement with historical preservation. However, the problem lies in combining modern interventions with historic structures in a way that respects cultural identity while meeting contemporary needs. Accordingly, this study addresses the research question: Which architectural indicators most strongly influence the success of hybridization? The aim is to identify, evaluate, and quantify these indicators. A quantitative methodology was employed, utilizing Roboflow for dataset preparation in conjunction with the YOLOv11 object detection model to identify modern, heritage, and hybrid elements across 18 case studies. This approach was complemented by expert assessment and statistical analysis using SPSS. The results indicate that material had the greatest positive impact on hybridization success, followed by visual harmony. Openings showed minimal effect, and superficial structural additions had a negative influence. Thus, successful hybridization depends on the creative and sensitive integration of hybrid elements rather than their mere presence.