ASSISTÊNCIA FISIOTERAPÊUTICA EM RECÉM NASCIDOS PREMATUROS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Introduction: Premature newborn (PN) is characterized by birth between the 22nd week and before the 37th week of gestation. The immaturity of its organs can lead to complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and/or retinopathy of prematurity and delays in neuropsychomotor development, and it is recommended that therapeutic tools be used as early as possible. The aim of this study was to describe physiotherapeutic care for NB, especially in terms of neuropsychomotor development. Material and methods: A narrative literature review using the PubMed, LILACS/MEDLINE and Scielo databases, covering the last 5 years, in Portuguese and English. The descriptors “Physiotherapy”, “Motor development” and “Prematurity” were used. Results: Initially, 326 articles were found and, after passing the eligibility criteria, 7 articles were left for the study. All the articles analyzed physiotherapy intervention in neuropsychomotor development and its effectiveness. It was possible to observe advances in neuropsychomotor development, overcoming motor delays, despite a low number of interventions in some studies, a better prognosis was observed in the NB who underwent a greater number of interventions and in the studies where parents participated, a better bond between mother and child was shown. Final considerations: Physiotherapeutic care for premature newborns is important both in the hospital environment and after discharge, providing the NB with better neuropsychomotor development and reducing the length of stay in the NICU.