Diosgenin glycosides from <i>Paris vietnamensis</i> (Takht) H.Li with cytotoxic and inhibitory NO production activities

Six compounds, including a new diosgenin glycoside named Parisvietnamoside A (<b>1</b>), together with five described ones, including physalolactone pennogenin (<b>2</b>), gracillin (<b>3</b>), paris saponin H (<b>4</b>), paris saponin VII (<b>5</b>), and pennogenin-3-<i>O</i>-<i>α</i>-ʟ-arabinosyl-(1→4)-<i>β</i>-ᴅ-glucsopyranoside (<b>6</b>), were obtained from the rhizomes of <i>Paris vietnamensis</i> (Takht) H.Li. The structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS data. Two compounds (<b>3</b> and <b>4</b>) exhibited significant inhibitory activities against SK-LU-1, HepG2, and LNCaP with IC₅₀ values of 1.17 ± 0.02 and 1.09 ± 0.01 μM, 1.20 ± 0.01 and 1.15 ± 0.02 μM, 1.18 ± 0.02 and 1.08 ± 0.01 μM, respectively, whereas compounds (<b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, <b>5</b> and <b>6</b>) showed moderate or weak effects with IC₅₀ ranging from 4.18 to 76.32 μM (SK-LU-1), from 6.61 to 65.68 μM (LNCaP), from 6.02 to 67.46 μM (HepG2). In contrast, the isolated compounds did not inhibit the (LPS)-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells.