Nivolumab-induced chylothorax in a patient with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma

Chylothorax can be a rare immune-related adverse event of nivolumab.In differentiating between malignant chylothorax in advanced malignancy and immune-related adverse events, chylothorax can be difficult. Negative pleural cytology, lack of thoracic duct obstruction and response to immunotherapy can guide clinicians in attributing the cause, which is essential for making decisions about continuing or discontinuing immunotherapy.