Dapson Hypersensitivity Syndromein Multibacillary Morbus Hansen Patients: Case Report

Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (sulphone syndrome) is a serious hypersensitivity reaction classified as part of DRESS (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) and is closely associated with the use of sulfonamide drugs (dapsone). This syndrome is characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, morbilliform rash, hematologic abnormalities, and multiorgan involvement, and can be fatal if not treated appropriately. We report the case of a 43-year-old woman with a history of dapsone consumption for two months as part of MDT-MB therapy for Hansen’s disease, who presented with complaints of skin rash, fever, shortness of breath, and edema. Physical and supportive examinations showed severe anemia, hepatic involvement, and positive Coombs test results. The patient was diagnosed with dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome and was treated with dapsone discontinuation, systemic corticosteroid administration, blood transfusion, supportive therapy, and topical skin care. Clinical improvement was significant after 10 days of treatment, and the patient continued outpatient control with continued clinical improvement. This case emphasizes the importance of considering a diagnosis of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome in patients with systemic symptoms following dapsone administration. Therefore, early detection, multidisciplinary management, and patient education are essential. Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome is a serious condition that requires early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management. Patient education and awareness of drug reactions to dapsone are essential for preventing life-threatening complications.