Research on Pigment Analysis and Protection of Fahai Temple Murals Based on High-Resolution Multispectral Imaging Technology

The murals of Fahai Temple, as a treasure of Ming Dynasty art, face challenges in the identification of fine pigments and scientific protection due to the limitations of traditional methods. High-resolution multispectral imaging (HR-MSI) technology, which combines the advantages of imaging and spectroscopy, offers a new approach for non-destructive analysis of cultural relics. This paper reviews the technical system and points out that although it has been applied in the field of cultural heritage, there is a lack of systematic research integrating it with advanced algorithms such as deep learning for the murals of Fahai Temple. The paper argues for the necessity of applying this technology and proposes specific implementation suggestions: building a high-resolution spectral database of murals; using algorithms such as superpixel segmentation and pixel difference convolution to deeply explore the distribution of pigments and hidden line drafts; achieving precise diagnosis of pigment fading and diseases; and applying the results to guide preventive protection and restoration practices. This study provides a systematic technical solution and theoretical basis for the in-depth understanding and scientific protection of the murals of Fahai Temple, and is of great significance for promoting the innovation of high-level cultural relic protection paradigms.