Mathematical Considerations for the Infectious Infertility of Male in Iraq

<i>Aims</i>: Male infertility is a multifactorial condition influenced by anatomical, hormonal, genetic and infectious causes. While advancements in diagnostics and treatments have improved outcomes, infertility remains a challenge, particularly in regions where access to specialized care is limited. Understanding both the success rates of various treatments and the etiological role of pathogens is essential for developing effective strategies. <i>Methods and Results</i>: This retrospective analysis examines the prevalence of urogenital pathogens isolated from male patients diagnosed with infertility across three decades: 1980-1990, 1991-2002, and 2003-2012. Bacterial and atypical pathogens were identified using standard microbiological and molecular techniques available during each respective period. Mathematical modeling, particularly through regression analysis, is a powerful tool for uncovering relationships between variables in clinical research. Patterns and quantify of different factors influence outcomes were identified, such as treatment effectiveness or disease prevalence. Regression equation was created for better predictive model that not only describes the current dataset but can also be used to estimate outcomes under different conditions. A total of 3,600 patients were e treated across various infertility types, yielding an overall cure rate of 11.5%. Azoospermia and Oligospermia showed the highest recovery rates, while Oligoteratoasthenozoospermia had the lowest. Pathogen prevalence data from 1980 to 2012 was analyzed to understand shifts in microbial contributors to infertility. The presented data revealed a decline in classic sexually transmitted infections like <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> and <i>Treponema pallidum</i>, with increasing presence of opportunistic pathogens such as <i>Escherichia</i> <i>coli</i> and <i>Streptococcus faecalis</i>. Azoospermia showed the highest treatment success rate, while Oligoteratoasthenozoospermia showed the lowest. The regression model captured the general trend of patient cure rates. <i>Conclusion, significance and impact of study</i>: The present study highlights evolving trends in pathogen prevalence among infertile male patients over 32 years. While classic sexual transmitted infectants like <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> have declined and opportunistic and uropathogenic bacteria like <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. faecalis</i> have become more prominent. Outliers showed larger deviations suggesting a possible non-linearity in the real relationship using linear regression equation Y= a + bX + <i>ε<sub>i</sub></i>.