Evaluation of the antibacterial effectiveness of extracts certain medicinal plants against some human pathogenic bacteria

Background: The study evaluated the phytochemical content and antibacterial property using HPLC technology to detect active compounds in the study plants. Methods: After conducting biochemical, microscopic, and morphological tests, it was found that E. coli had the highest isolation rate, reaching 56.0%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, which reached 16.0%, while the lowest isolation rate was for Streptococcus pneumonia, which reached 2.0%. Results: After HPLC examination of the extracts of the study plants, it was found that Catechol was the highest concentration of phenolic compound in V. oxycoccos with a concentration of 94.31 ppm, while 4-hydroxyl benzoic acid was the highest concentration (67.2, 105.2 ppm) in G. glabra and C. intybus, respectively. On the other hand, ethyl benzhydramine was the highest concentration (0.21 ppm, 0.087, 0.107) in V. oxycoccos, G. glabra and C. intybus, respectively. The bacteria were detected using the 16S RNA gene of the bacteria and all isolates were found to be positive for the 16S RNA gene. The results of the bacterial sensitivity of the plant extracts also revealed that the largest inhibition diameter for Vaccinium fruit extracts was (15 mm) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the lowest one (5 mm) Streptococcus pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion: The stems of Glycyrrhiza plant had the largest inhibition diameter (30 mm) for Staphylococcus aureus and smallest inhibition diameter (20 mm) to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. the inhibition diameter of Cichorium possessed maximum inhibitory diameter (25 mm) against Escherichia coli and has the lowest inhibition diameter (10 mm) for Proteus mirabilis.