The Function of Di-Methyl Fumarate in Immunobiochemical and Hematological Changes in Individuals Infected with <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>

Background: Amebiasis can cause a number of symptoms, from infections that are passed on when someone touches something infected to serious illness. Objectives: role of DMF on reducing Entamoeba histolytica (E. histolytica) infection. Materials and Methods: The study involved patients supplying E. histolytica-related symptoms. Diagnoses were confirmed using stool samples, and 10 mL of venous blood was obtained for antioxidant and immunological investigation. Groups: Control (uninfected patients), Normal medication (infected patients on normal medication), and Combination (infected patients getting standard treatment with DMF). Results: Group 2 and 3 had lower red blood cell and haemoglobin levels than group 1. Group 2 was different from groups 1 and 3 (P < 0.05), which shows that DMF reduces red blood cell and haemoglobin loss. Group 1 had higher levels of different types of white blood cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils. Group 1 had lower amounts of lymphocytes compared to groups 2 and 3. Statistical analysis showed a significant decrease in SOD, GSH, and CAT levels in patients receiving E. histolytica standard treatment compared to the healthy control group, while malondialdehyde levels increased a lot (P ≤ 0.05) in the same group. Group 3 showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in SOD, GSH, and CAT levels compared to the standard therapy group, while malondialdehyde levels increased significantly in patients treated with E. histolytica standard therapy plus DMF. Conclusion: E. histolytica infection has been found to generate leukocytosis, lower antioxidant levels, and boost MDA. It is advised that a potent antioxidant be added to conventional treatment.