Nano-enabled solutions for sustainable agriculture by managing abiotic stress: Critical evaluation on unraveling the pros and cons with ecological impacts

• This review aims to explore the use of nanoparticles in abiotic stress management for sustainable agriculture while also examining their potential environmental implications. Nanoparticles (NPs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them appealing for protecting crops against abiotic stressors such as drought, salinity, heat, and heavy metals. • This review aims to elucidate the application of NPs for mitigating abiotic stresses towards sustainable agriculture as well as the potential environmental implications. • We conducted aA comprehensive literatures study towards deciphering the state-of-the-art research on This review synthesizes existing literature to highlight the advantages of nanomaterials NPs in enhancing crop resilience were performed; especially in current scenario under climate changing era. However, in addition, wait also critically examined the potentially associating drawbacks along associated with the application use of NPs, including environmental hazards, toxicity concerns, and unintended ecological consequences. This review examines the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in abiotic stress management for sustainable agriculture and explores their potential environmental implications. NPs possess unique physicochemical properties that make them promising candidates for protecting crops against abiotic stressors such as drought, salinity, heat, and heavy metals. The present work aims to elucidate the applications of NPs in mitigating abiotic stresses to promote sustainable agriculture, while also evaluating their potential environmental consequences. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted to decipher the state-of-the-art research on NPs, highlighting their advantages in enhancing crop resilience, particularly in the current era of climate change. In addition, a critical examination was performed on the potential drawbacks of NPs use, including environmental hazards, toxicity concerns, and unintended ecological effects. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dual nature of NPs in the context of abiotic stress management and environmental safety. By analyzing both benefits and risks, the present work offers researchers, policymakers, and practitioners a framework for evaluating the successful implementation of nano-enabled products in sustainable agriculture, while carefully considering their environmental impacts.