Comprehensive Review on Mechanical Properties and Optimization of Machining Parameters of Nanoclay-Filled Glass-Reinforced Plastic Composites

Nanoclay-filled Glass-Reinforced Plastic Composites (GFRP) have attracted the automotive and aerospace industries due to outstanding properties such as high strength and stability, lightweight, and enhanced durability. The objective of this review is to synthesize recent advances in the use of nanoclay and other fillers in polymer foams and nanocomposites, emphasizing their effects on mechanical properties, foam morphology, and processing characteristics. Studies reviewed span various types of fillers, including nanoclay, carbon nanotubes, and silica, and cover a range of polymers such as polypropylene (PP), polylactic acid (PLA), and epoxy resins. The review also explores the role of manufacturing techniques such as Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM), Seemann Composites Resin Infusion Molding Process (SCRIMP), and Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) in achieving effective nanoclay dispersion and structural performance of GFRP. Additionally, it highlights the effect of nanoclay on machining parameters, including surface roughness, tool wear, and optimization methods. The review highlights key findings, trends, and practical implications, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in this field.