COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM IN UKRAINE AND THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

Makushev P. V., Moseiko A. H., Makushev Ye. P. Comparative analysis of the enforcement system in Ukraine and the European Union countries: current state and development prospectsThe article presents a comparative analysis of the enforcement proceedings system in Ukraine and European Union countries, namely Germany, France, Poland, and Lithuania.It examines the current state of the enforcement system in Ukraine, its regulatory framework, organizational structure, and the effectiveness of judicial decision implementation.Attention is paid to the role of the state and private enforcement services, issues of excessive bureaucracy, and the duration of judicial enforcement.The study highlights key features of enforcement models in EU countries characterized by a high level of independence of enforcement officers, extensive use of digital technologies, and effective control and accountability systems.Positive practices such as the introduction of electronic enforcement proceedings, simplified collection procedures, and clear interaction between courts, enforcement officers, and other state bodies are analyzed.The article substantiates the feasibility of adapting certain European approaches into the domestic enforcement system to enhance its efficiency, transparency, and public trust.Proposed reform directions include expanding the powers of private enforcement officers, digitizing procedures, improving mechanisms for monitoring enforcement, and enhancing professional training of personnel.The research results may be useful for scholars, legal practitioners, legislators, and all stakeholders interested in improving the justice system in Ukraine and harmonizing it with European standards.The application of functional, comparative, and structural analysis methods made it possible to identify institutional gaps in the law enforcement practice of Ukraine.The conceptual foundations of legal integration and the implementation of European norms in the field of enforcement proceedings are revealed.Emphasis is placed on the necessity of systemic transformation of enforcement mechanisms through procedural modernization, optimization of human resources, and digitalization of the operational environment.The study highlights the role of the principles of the rule of law, legal certainty, and effective legal protection in shaping a modern model of enforcement justice.The results obtained may serve as a basis for developing new legislative initiatives and improving administrative and legal mechanisms in this area.