Genetic diversity analysis of some <i>Coriandrum sativum</i> cultivars exposed to laser using some molecular indicators

Coriander, Coriandrum sativum L. is an herbal crop from the family Apiaceae, It has a wide range of uses, including as a flavouring agent and in medical applications. Therefore, physical factors have recently been given attention, including laser radiation applications used in agriculture for biostimulating seeds and seedlings, thereby leading to changes in the DNA sequence. The present study aimed to identify genetic changes in Coriander plants exposed to laser radiation.Coriander seeds were obtained from local markets in Mosul city in different varieties (local, Syrian, Italian). The study found that there were differences at the molecular level between the three types of coriander used in the study, the difference in the total number of bands/variety of coriander for the total of the five primers used (OPA1, OPA2, OPD1 OPK, POD3) according to the difference in the period of exposure to laser radiation three different times 5 ,10,20 minutes. Depending on the results of the RAPD-PCS analysis, the total number of amplification bands was 182, comprising 180 polymorphic bands and 2 unique bands, which accounted for 98.9% and 1.10%, respectively. There were differences at the molecular level between the three types of coriandrum according to the different treatments with laser radiation and this primer. Genetic similarity was calculated, with a maximum similarity value of 0.9 and a minimum similarity value of 0.2. The cluster tree analysis showed that genotypes that are close to each other are more similar than those that are far apart. This study used diversity genetic information and different types of coriander seeds with different primers compared with other study .