Eficacia y seguridad de las maniobras de reclutamiento pulmonar en población pediátrica sin patología pulmonar

Lung recruitment maneuvers are a strategy to counteract derecruitment during mechanical ventilation. The efficacy and safety of these maneuvers on atelectasis in pediatric patients under general anesthesia were evaluated. Randomized clinical trials were identified across 6 databases. Risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2.0 tool. A meta-analysis was conducted, and the GRADE system was used to assess evidence quality. Six studies were included. Lung recruitment maneuvers reduced the incidence of atelectasis (RR = 0.26; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.39; p < 0.0001) and improved lung compliance compared to placebo (MD -3.68; 95% CI -4.52 to -2.83; p < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in oxygen saturation between groups. Lung recruitment maneuvers decrease the occurrence of atelectasis and improve lung compliance in healthy children undergoing general anesthesia.