Twitter (X) as a Political Propaganda Tool; A Comparative Analysis of the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election

This study examines the role of Twitter (now known as X) as a political propaganda tool during the 2020 United States presidential election, specifically focusing on the communication strategies of Donald Trump and Joe Biden. Through a comparative content analysis of 400 tweets—200 from each candidate—posted between November and December 2020, the research investigates how the platform was used to shape narratives, influence public opinion, and mobilize voters. By utilizing both quantitative engagement metrics and qualitative thematic analysis, the study identifies key rhetorical patterns and campaign strategies employed on Twitter. The findings reveal that Biden’s tweets emphasized themes of unity, democratic values, and policy proposals, while Trump’s posts were more confrontational, often focusing on election integrity and personal attacks. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of hashtag usage, timing, and emotional appeal in increasing visibility and engagement on the platform. The results demonstrate Twitter’s dual function as both a communication medium and a propaganda vehicle, capable of amplifying both cohesive and divisive messaging. Furthermore, the research underscores Twitter’s influence on voter behavior, illustrating how real-time interactions and strategic messaging contributed to shaping political discourse during the election. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the evolving significance of social media in modern electoral politics and advocates for a more ethical and regulated approach to its use within democratic processes.