Epidemiology of Common Low Back Pain in Soldiers in Senegal

<i>Introduction: </i>Musculoskeletal disorders are indicative of the physically demanding nature of occupational environments and constitute a significant public health concern. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of low back pain among Senegalese military personnel deployed in operational settings. <i>Methodology:</i> A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from April 7 to June 5, 2023, in the region of Kolda. Data collection was based on a modified version of the 2000 INRS questionnaire (National Institute of Research and Security). Statistical analysis was performed using R software, and all ethical considerations were strictly observed. <i>Results</i>: A total of 164 soldiers were enrolled in the study, all of whom were male. The mean age was 34.9 years, with an average length of military service of 13.9 years. Participants reported an average of 43.1 working hours per week. Prolonged sitting was reported in 62.8% of cases. Personnel involved in escort and intervention missions represented 29.3% of the sample. The overall prevalence of low back pain was 37.8%. Several variables were significantly associated with the occurrence of low back pain (<i>p</i> < 0.05), including average monthly income, duration of military service, military rank/status, participation in escort and intervention missions, occupational stress, and the use of combat gear such as Kevlar helmets, flak jackets, and firearms. <i>Conclusion: </i>Low back pain is highly prevalent among military personnel deployed in operational settings and is linked to a variety of factors inherent to military service. Effective prevention should include targeted awareness and training programs focusing on proper posture and ergonomic practices. Moreover, a comprehensive review of organizational structures and management strategies is warranted to mitigate occupational risk and preserve operational readiness.