Uso del puntaje de vasoactivos e inotrópicos (VIS) como predictor de morbi-mortalidad y uso de asistencia circulatoria en pacientes pediátricos sometidos a cirugía cardíaca congénita

Introduction: The vasoactive and inotropic score (VIS) represents a cumulative measure of various inotropic doses, and its application has been linked to adverse outcomes. Objective: This study aims to describe morbidity, mortality, and the utilization of circulatory support (ECMO) in relation to vasoactive score (VIS) outcomes in pediatric patients scheduled for congenital heart surgery involving extracorporeal circulation. Methodology: This research is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study involving patients under 18 years of age diagnosed with congenital heart disease who underwent surgery with extracorporeal circulation at the VID Cardio Clinic between January and October 2024. Results: A total of 93 patients with congenital heart disease underwent heart surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Of these, 50.5% were male, and 47.3% were infants, with RACHS-1 III being the most prevalent category (44.1%), and the most common native anatomy involved pathologies with pulmonary hyperflow (49.9%). The mortality rate was 17.2%. ECMO was utilized in 7.5% of cases intraoperatively and 8.6% in the early postoperative period (POP). The primary organ dysfunction observed was cardiovascular dysfunction, affecting 65.6% of patients. Additionally, 37.6% required early re-intervention. Conclusion: Patients with a VIS > 25 exhibited a higher incidence of POP complications. Furthermore, those requiring intraoperative or early POP circulatory support had a VIS > 25.