Pharmaceutical Active Secondary Metabolites from the Marine Sponges and its Therapeutic Applications in Wound Healing

The healing of a wound is a complicated process that might be impeded by infection and result in a long recovery process and the development of severe complications. Ancient multicellular organisms Marine sponges are ancient, multicellular marine organisms living in a wide range of oceanic habitats which have been shown to produce a wide range of secondary metabolites with high biological activity. This review discusses the wound healing and antibacterial potential of the bioactive compounds alkaloids, peptides and terpenes. Marine sponge metabolites have great antibacterial properties against a broad spectrum of pathogens, which include antibiotic resistant strains with antibacterial activity happening to disruptive mechanisms named synthesis of a cell wall, the loss of membrane stability, and protein and nucleic acid synthesis. Also these compounds have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress hence promoting an optimum environment in which wound healing takes place. Moreover, they stimulate cell proliferation and angiogenesis, which makes the process of tissue regeneration and repair possible. This diversifies the approach of the marine sponge secondary metabolites, which is useful in developing intermediary wound care preparations with capable effect (control infection and wound healing).