Unveiling the Unexpected: Co-Infection in a Yemeni Male with Chronic Abdominal Pain and Fever

A 33-year-old Yemeni male, who had moved to Saudi Arabia recently and was imprisoned in Aseer region.  He exhibited a 6-week history of fever, nocturnal hyperhidrosis, weight loss, and nonspecific abdominal pain. Radiological assessment indicated hepatosplenomegaly, portal vein thrombosis (PVT), and extensive lymphadenopathy. Histopathology revealed chronic granulomatous encasement of Schistosoma eggs, indicative of schistosomiasis, whereas a peripheral blood smear validated Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia. This case underscores the significance of evaluating co-infections in patients from endemic regions and underlines the diagnostic efficacy of imaging and histopathology in identifying chronic parasitic illnesses, notably schistosomiasis.