PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF URBAN PUBLIC ROAD TRANSPORTATION ORGANIZATIONS FROM AN EFFICIENCY PERSPECTIVE

This paper presents an integrated framework for evaluating the efficiency of State Road Transport Undertakings (SRTUs) by combining Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), distance-based measures, multivariate statistical tools, and clustering techniques. Seventeen operational and financial indicators—covering fleet utilization, passenger carriage, costs, staff productivity, and safety—are classified as inputs or outputs based on cost–benefit logic. The framework is built on Cross-Efficiency Analysis, which extends DEA through self- and peer-evaluation to generate a comprehensive cross-efficiency matrix. Variants such as Aggressive, Benevolent, Neutral cross-efficiency, and DEA-PCA are applied to a case study of urban public transport systems. This hybrid approach enhances ranking precision, reveals hidden performance structures, and supports benchmarking, offering strategic insights for optimizing the performance of state-run transport undertakings.