A construção histórica da profissão do magistério no Brasil: Os avanços e retrocessos

Teaching today has undergone socioeconomic and political changes over the years, influencing this profession. Therefore, a brief historical overview is necessary to clarify key facts for understanding education and the role of teaching professionals, as well as the advancements and setbacks of the teaching profession over time. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze the historical construction of the teaching profession in Brazil, as well as its advances and setbacks. Its specific objectives are: to demonstrate the historical precariousness of public education in Brazil; to highlight the economic and cultural transformations of globalization and their implications for the appreciation of teaching; and to describe the trajectory and transformations of teaching within the context of its advances and setbacks. Methodology: This is a qualitative bibliographical study. It was realized that, given the economic and cultural transformations of globalization, the urgency of policies that promote decent working conditions for teachers and invest in their comprehensive training is recognized, thus the advances will be very positive for teaching in Brazil. However, it will be possible to face the challenges of this globalized scenario and, at the same time, value the essential role of the teacher as an agent of social transformation.